![]() Mandolins evolved from lute family instruments in Europe. 5.1.2.2 Genoese mandolin, a blend of styles.5.1.2.1 Brescian mandolin or Cremonese mandolin.5.1.2 Other bowlback styles: Lombardic, Milanese, Cremonese, Brescian, Genoese.5.1.1.1 Manufacturers of Neapolitan-style mandolins.This used to be the common picture of the mandolin, an obscure instrument of romance in the hands of a Spanish nobleman. In 1787 Luigi Bassi played the role of Don Giovanni in Mozart's opera, serenading a woman with a mandolin. A round or oval sound hole may be covered or bordered with decorative rosettes or purfling. There are usually one or more sound holes in the soundboard, either round, oval, or shaped like a calligraphic f (f-hole). The soundboard comes in many shapes-but generally round or teardrop-shaped, sometimes with scrolls or other projections. The modern soundboard is designed to withstand the pressure of metal strings that would break earlier instruments. However, modern instruments are louder-using four courses of metal strings, which exert more pressure than the gut strings. Pre-mandolin instruments were quiet instruments, strung with as many as six courses of gut strings, and were plucked with the fingers or with a quill. Much of mandolin development revolved around the soundboard (the top). There has also been a twelve-string (three strings per course) type and an instrument with sixteen-strings (four strings per course). Other mandolin varieties differ primarily in the number of strings and include four-string models (tuned in fifths) such as the Brescian and Cremonese, six-string types (tuned in fourths) such as the Milanese, Lombard and the Sicilian and 6 course instruments of 12 strings (two strings per course) such as the Genoese. Problems listening to this file? See media help. Some modern Brazilian instruments feature an extra fifth course tuned a fifth lower than the standard fourth course. Flat-backed instruments are commonly used in Irish, British and Brazilian folk music. Carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music. Neapolitan mandolins feature prominently in European classical music and traditional music. Each style of instrument has its own sound quality and is associated with particular forms of music. The flat-backed mandolin uses thin sheets of wood for the body, braced on the inside for strength in a similar manner to a guitar. The carved-top or arch-top mandolin has a much shallower, arched back, and an arched top-both carved out of wood. The round-back has a deep bottom, constructed of strips of wood, glued together into a bowl. There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin, the carved-top mandolin and the flat-backed mandolin. It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass. The courses are typically tuned in a succession of perfect fifths, with the same tuning as a violin. It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist. A mandolin ( Italian: mandolino pronounced literally "small mandola") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum. ![]()
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